The WiTRO-System – installation types

As different as the wall types, methods of construction or site conditions, so different are the ways of laying the Witro system. Next, the installation options of the electrodes are shown graphically at some selected examples.

1st example

Conditions:

  • Wall up to 1 meter thick
    Bare ground
    Foundation and ground on an equal level

Application of electrodes:

  • Gridded anode outside above the ground
  • Rodded cathode outside in the ground

2nd example

Conditions:

  • Wall up to 1 meter thick
    Bare ground
    Ground on a higher level than foundation

Application of electrodes:

  • Gridded anode outside above the ground
  • Rodded cathode outside in the ground

3rd example

Conditions:

  • Wall up to 5 meters thick as part of a permanent joint

Application of electrodes:

  • Gridded anode inside above the foundation
  • Rodded cathode outside in the ground

4th example

Conditions:

  • Thick wall with hollow
    Walls with a large hollow or clamshell brickwork require two anode grids

Application of electrodes:

  • Gridded anode outside above the ground
  • Gridded anode inside above the foundation
  • Rodded cathode outside in the ground
  • Rodded cathode inside under the foundation

5th example

Conditions:

  • In the absence of horizontal and vertical barriers
    Basement ceiling higher than bare ground

Application of electrodes:

  • Gridded anode 1x inside partially above groundlevel and 1x inside above the foundation
  • Rodded cathode outside in the ground in an equal distance to the gridded electrodes

6th example

Conditions:

  • In the absence of horizontal and vertical barriers
    Basement ceiling and bare ground on the same level

Application of electrodes:

  • Gridded anode 1x outside above the ground and 1x inside above the foundation
  • Rodded cathode outside in the ground in an equal distance to the gridded electrodes

7th example

Conditions:

  • Construction on the outside ground not possible because of e.g. sidewalk, street or pipes
    Drill through wall for rodded cathode

Application of electrodes:

  • Gridded anode inside partially above the ground
  • Rodded cathode outside in the ground

8th example

Conditions:

  • Construction work only possible in the basement, no water entering from the side

Application of electrodes:

  • Gridded anode inside under the basement ceiling
  • Rodded cathode inside under the foundation

9th example

Conditions:

  • With outside ground drainage system

Application of electrodes:

  • Gridded anode inside above the foundation
    Alternatively outside above the ground
  • Rodded cathode under the drainage system

10th example

Conditions:

  • Underground vault with thick walls

Application of electrodes:

  • Gridded anode 1x outside above the ground and 1x inside at the upper section of the vault
  • Rodded cathode inside under the basement floor, holes drilled into the ground

11th example

Conditions:

  • Cascade circuiting for tall buildings with an extremely high level of moisture, e.g. in churches, towers, historical sites

Application of electrodes:

  • Gridded anode 1x inside at the upper moisture rim or higher
  • 1x inside above the ground
  • Rodded cathode outside or inside in the ground

12th example

Conditions:

  • Visible brickwork e.g. quarrystone, sandstone, brick, fieldstone etc.

Application of electrodes:

  • Gridded anode is replaced by contact band inserted in the jointings
  • Rodded cathode outside or inside in the ground